Method of producing artificial silk or the like



P 1932- J. BRENZINGER 1,878,374

METHOD OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL SILK OR THE LIKE Filed June 20, 1930 3Sheets-Sheet 1 4 nvemtoz:

/1 216 finer; 72 71567 Gum/mug p 1932- J. BRENZINGER METHOD OF PRODUCINGARTIFICIAL SILK OR THE LIKE Filed June 20, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 i v vwe11 01 *3 LJZIZL-ZAS Brenza'ye r @3913 Clue (A4013 Sept. 20, 1932.

J. BRENZINGER METHOD OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL SILK OR THE- LIKE FiledJune 20. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 I Qua/nu I, Fig. 2 is a detail view,partly in Patented Sept. 20, 1932 UNITED STATES ,PATENT' OFFICE JULIUSBREN'ZINGER, OF FAIRFIELD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO, AXEL V. IBEEKEN,

OF BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY Application filed June20,

The present invention relates to a method of producing artificial silkor the like, and has for its main object and feature the production of athread-like materialof a more uniform character than has heretofore beenpossible, from a synthetic fluid material.

In the accompanying drawings is shown a preferred form of apparatus bymeans of zvhich the method may be carried into prac- In said drawings: I

Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic view of the more important elements ofa rayon spinning machine; 1 r k section, showing more particularly themeans for actuating the thread-guide;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a typical lay or winding of thethread-like material on a spool;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View showing the "step of washing and dyeing;and

F1g. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 but showin the effect'of drying thematerial. In the production of artificial silk or the like, thethread-like material issues from a. spinnerette immersedin a bath, andthe thus newly-formed or green thread-like material passes then directlyto a win ding mechanism consisting essentially of a thread-guide and arotatable spool, said elements having a transverse movement one withrelation to the other so that the thread-like material is woundcross-wise into a number of superposed series of convolutions first inone and then in the other direction.

One difliculty heretofore encountered in the art is a tendency toward alack ofuniformity in character of the thread-like material, whichtendency appears to be caused by the fact that the material during thevarious processes is subjected to unequal strains on different portionsthereof or to too severe strains. It must be borne in mind that thethread-like material is newly formedpr strains can be caused byshrinkage due to the drying or finishing of the material; or, they maybe caused by excessive pull of the spool 1930. Serial No. 462,493.

or take-up device brought about by the constantly increasing diameter.of the spool due to accumulation of material thereon because, as thespool increases in diameter, more-and more thread will be wound perrevolution of the spool.

The invention consists essentlally in laying spool. Dueto the slack inthe convolutions,

numerous interstices are formed in the material so that, during thewashing or washing and dyeing process, the liquid will penetrate thespool more readily than would otherwise be the case thereby reducing,very materially, the time necessary to complete the process. Inconjunction with the above, the invention further consists in supplyingthe synthetic 'fluid, from which the threadlike material is formed, at arate that is proportional to the speed of the take-up of the material,and winding the newly-formed or green thread-like material at a speedproportional to the rate of supply of said fluid material. In this waygradual attenuation in the formation of the thread-like material isprevented and, consequently, the slack convolutions above referred towill consist of thread-like material of substantially uniform character.1 represents a pump of any suitablecharacter to deliver synthetic fluidmaterial supplied by duct 2 to spinnerette a in setting bath 3 where thethread, or threads, 4, or the like, is formed, said thread-like materialbeing wound on rotatable. spool 5 as it emerges from the bath. 6indicates a threadguide to lay the thread on the spool. In Fig. 3 isshown diagrammaticallya typical lay of thethread according to thisinventlon. As there shown thread 4 is laid in a series of convolutionsI) crosswise first in one and then in the other direction, said seriesbeing superposed. Convolutions b are provided with a slack 0 which, inthe exemplification shown,'takes' the form of undulations d in helicalconvolutions b. It will be apparent that the slack may be produced by arelative movement of the spool and thread guide, one with relation tothe other. This can be obtained by moving both the spool and thethread-guide, or it can be produced by moving one of these with respectto the other. In the present exemplification of the invention, thefollowing construction is used. The spool is rotated by gears 18 and 19,and thread uide 6 is mounted on a reciprocatory bar 60 slidable inbearings 61. 62 is a rotating cam on shaft 63, on which shaft is a'guide64 that moves a reciprocatory rack-member 65 actuated by cam rolls .66that engage cam 62. Said rack'member is provided with teeth at its upperend that engage a pinion 67 on shaft 68, and on the latter shaft ismounted another pinion 69 that engages a rack 70 on bar 60. Rotation ofcam 62 therefore causes a back and forth movement of bar 60 and hence ofthread-guide 6. Said thread-guide is mounted to rock or oscillate oncenter 71 of bar 60, this movement being accomplished by lever 72 andlink 73, pivotally connected at 74, said lever 72 also being pivotallyconnected to crank pin 75 of shaft 76. Rotation of crank pin 75 vibratesthe thread guide. Shaft 76 is mounted on-a bracket 77, carried by bar60, and said shaft is rotated by any suitable me ans.

The means to coordinate the speed at which the thread is being wound andthe rate at which the synthetic fluid material is being supplied willnow be described. This coordination may be brought about by varying thespeed relation of the spool and pump. The

speed of the spool can be gradually diminished as the diameter of thewound material increases, or the rate of delivery of the synthetic fluidmaterial can be increased as the diameter of the wound materialincreases, and thelatter construction is here followed. Shaf t'S, onwhich the spool is mounted, is driven at a substantially constant speedfrom mot r 9, the transmission members being here as follows: sprocketwheel 10, chain 11, sprocket wheel'12, shaft 13, sprocket wheel 14,chain15, sprocket wheel 16, stub shaft 17,

pinion 18 and gear 19 on shaft 8. Pump 1 is here driven from the motorthrough suitable change speed gearing which here takes the followingform: Shaft 13 carries a pulley 30 to receive belt 20 that extends toanother pulley 31 on shaft 21; shaft 21 carries a bevel pinion 22 thatmeshes with. bevel gear 23 which latter, in turn, drives shaft 24 bymeans of pulleys 25 and belt 26. Shaft 24 carries a gear 27 that mesheswith gear 28 on pump shaft 29. Pulleys 30 and 31 on shafts 13 and 21have cone-shape faces which are movable thereby changed and the speed ofshaft 21 varied. The device for effecting this change automatically ishere as follows: One or both of the faces of each pulley 30 and 31 areslidable on their supporting shafts. 32 and 33 indicate .two levers,each pivoted at an intermediate point 34 or 35, and each lever ispivotally connected at 36 or 37 to one face of pulley 30, and at 38 or39 to one face of pulley 31; The lower ends of levers 32 and 33 areurged toward each other by spring 40 and are providedwith cam rolls 41to engage cam or wedge 42. This cam carries a rack 43 engaged by pinion44 to which latter is attached a ratchet 45. This ratchet 45 is drivenby a pawl 46 pivotally mounted on rocking frame 47 supported on pivot48. Therocking motion of this frame causes the pawl to turn the ratchetand the pinion thereby causing the wedge to enter more and more betweenrolls 41, which action in turn swings levers 32 and 33 to move the facesof pulley 30 nearer together and the faces of pulley 31 further apart.This movement, it will'be observed, changes the speed relationship ofthe pulleys and belt and increases the speed of the pump 1 so that fluidmaterial is delivered by it at an increasing rate. 49 indicates a stoppawl for ratchet 45. Rocking frame 47 is actuated by eccentric 50carrying ratchet 51, which ratchet is moved by pawl 52 carried byeccentric 53. 54 indicates a stop pawl for ratchet 51. Eccentric 53 isdriven by belt 55 and pulleys 56 and 57, the latter of which pulleys ismounted on shaft 8 carrying the spool.

Motion may be imparted to shaft 63 of cam 62 by suitably proportionedgearing, indicated diagrammatically at 78 and deriving its power fromshaft 13. 7

It will now be understood that the newlyformed or green thread is laidas indicated by way of example in Fig. 3. After a sufiicient quantityof; thread-like material has been wound on said spool, it is' removedfrom the spinning machine and placed with other spools in a washingmachine 79 (Fig. 4) where the washing liquid is drawn through theinterstices into the interior of the spool in a manner well understood.

After the washing operation is finished, the spool may be subjected to adyeing and other operations. Whatever the character of these, said spoolis finally subjected to a finishing operation, which may be simply thestep of drying. During this latter process, the thread-like materialshrinks, as indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 5, said shrinkage beingwithin the amplitude of the slack of the convolutions so that no unequalstrain is placed on different portions of the material.

This application is a continuation in part of application Ser. No.378,064 filed July 13,

posed turns, each turn receiving a plurality of undulations.

of wound thread or the like composed of a plurality of superimposedlayers, the thread of each layer extending in a plurality of completeturns with the turns of adjacent layers wound in opposite directions,the thread of each turn having a plurality of undulatlons to render itslack and thereby to make the"v body more easily penetrable by liquid.

S1gned at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State ofConnecticut, thls 18th day of June, 1930.

JULIUS BRENZINGER.

tending in the otherdirection in a plurality I of turns, said slackrendering the wound body ithusdproduced more easily penetrable by 1qu12. The method .of windin green thread, or the'like, which consists inceding a thread by forming it from a synthetic material, and thenguiding and winding the advancing thread to thereby lay it substantiallydevoid of tension in a slack undulating path extending first in onedirection in a plurality of turns andthe'n extending-tin the'otherdirection in a plurality of turns, said slack-rendermg the wound bodythus produced more easily penetrableby liquid.

3. The method ofwindin green thread, or the like, which consists inceding a thread by forming it from a synthetic material, and thenguiding and winding the advancing thread to thereby lay it substantiallydevoid of tension in a slack undulating path extending first in onedirection in a plurality of turns and then extending in the otherdirection in a plurality of turns, said slack rendering the wound bodythus produced more easily penetrable by liquid, and said slack being ofsufiicient am litude to admit of subsequent shrinking o the thread-likematerial substantially without placing unequal strains on differentportions thereof, and then subjecting the wound material to a finishin'process that shrinks it within the amplitude of the slack of theconvolutions.

4. As a new article of manufacture, abody of helically wound thread, orthe like, composed of a plurality of superimposed layers, the threads ofadjacent layers extending in opposite directions helically and each turnof the helix having a plurality of undulations substantially in theplane of the layer containing the helix, the said undulations being oflesser amplitude than the length of one turn of the helix. s

5. The method'of winding thread, or the like, which consists in layingsaid thread in an undulating helical path first in one direction into aplurality of turns and then in the other direction into a plurality ofsuperim- 6. As a new article of manufacture, a body

